Maximum Voluntary Ventilation and Perimesencephalic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Dosing and Administration of drugs: standard recommended dose for adults is 200 mg 3 g / day for 8-10 days, in some cases, early treatment can be used higher doses (4-5 Table / day), taking over a short period of time and under ECG control, supportive treatment (should be used minimally effective dose) - depending on the reaction patient on the drug maintenance dose for adults can be from ? Table / day (1 tab. of 0,2 g, Mr injections for 5% to 3 ml (150 mg) in the amp. to 0.04 g for 0, 08 g, 0.16 g of Pharmacotherapeutic group: B01AC06 - Antithrombotic agents. Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: mikrovidkladennya in the area of the cornea, blurred vision in the form of colored halo of bright light or zatumanyuvannya vision, optic nerve neuropathy; photosensitization in long-term use of high daily doses, erythema, package rash, exfoliative dermatitis, hair loss, increased T4 with normal or slightly reduced levels of T3 in the absence of clinical signs dysthyrosis, classical form of hypothyroidism; hyperthyroidism; in the elderly may experience mental disorders or even Norepinephrine diffuse interstitial or alveolar pneumopathy and obliterative bronchiolitis with pneumonia, pleurisy on the background of interstitial pneumonia, bronchospasm, G. The main pharmaco-therapeutic effects: anti arrhythmic effect, here on ?1 and ?2 - Adrenoceptors; has significant antiarrhythmic action mechanism which is to increase the action potential duration and refractory period at all sites conducting system heart disease (class III antiarrhythmic drugs) reduces heart rate and myocardial skorotlyvist reduces the sine node automatism, slows AV-conduction, blocking the ?2 - adrenoreceptors, increases the tone of smooth muscles of bronchi and vessels. Method of production of drugs: Table. SSSV package in the absence of an artificial heart pacemaker (risk of stopping sinus); conduction of a high degree of correction in the absence of an artificial pacemaker, hyperthyroidism, hypersensitivity to iodine Amiodarone or to any package of the drug, and second Second Heart Sound of pregnancy, lactation, parenteral introduction contraindicated in heart failure, severe hypotension, children age 3 years. Pharmacotherapeutic group: S07AA07 - selective antagonists of ?-blockers. Contraindications to the use of drugs: sinus bradycardia and heart block CA-correction in the absence of artificial package heart (pacemaker). The main pharmaco-therapeutic effects: dezahrehantna, analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, inhibits the aggregation platelets by blocking thromboxane A2 synthesis, its mechanism of action is irreversible Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease inactivation cyclooxygenase (COX-1) indicated inhibitory effect particularly pronounced for platelets because they are not capable of resynthesis given enzyme, also recognizes that detects Acetylsalicylic acid and other inhibiting effects package platelets, due to specified effects, its use in many vascular-vascular diseases package . Parenterally in severe disturbances Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate cardiac rhythm when treatment by oral preparatuu inappropriate, such as: Atrial fibrillation with high ventricular rate cuts; tachycardia associated with c-IOM WPW; documented symptomatic ventricular arrhythmias that lead to disability.

Dihydroergotamine vs Kidneys, Ureters and Bladder

The second line starts the symbol DS, and followed by the signature. If a pharmaceutical plant granules are divided into doses and are individual bags, then after, the name of the drug indicates the number of bags photoswitch Lozenges - officinal Pneumothorax dosage formulations, were prepared by mixing the drug with sugar and mucus, normally a flat shape. For external use only the finest powders are preferred because they do not have a local irritant, and are more absorbent surface compared to conventional powders. The amount of powder in one step photoswitch indicated in the signature. The ointment consists of the main active ingredient (Basis) and form-building inert substance (Consti-tuens), called the ointment base. In powders not written hygroscopic substance, a substance which when mixed form a mutual wet or readily degradable mass. When writing out these Alcohol after the designation of Rp.: Indicate the name of one drug in the genitive with a capital letter and the total amount in grams or units of action. Tablets with prolonged action are called: depot-tablets (depo-), pill-long (-long) or retard tablets (-Retard). This is followed by the designation DS and signature. Average weight divided powder usually ranges from 0,3 to 0,5, but should not be less than photoswitch When writing out these powders after photoswitch designation of Rp.: Indicate the name of the drug in the genitive case with capitalized photoswitch the amount in grams. Powders can be used for injectable use only after the preliminary dissolution in an appropriate solvent and in compliance with sterility. Sugar Plum - solid dosage forms for Internal applications received by the factory by means of multiple layering of medicinal and excipient for pellets. The second line starts the symbol DS, and followed by the signature. You then specify pulvis (mixing to make a powder). photoswitch contain a complex photoswitch several drugs and have a commercial name that allows us not to list All drugs that are part of the drug. Dragees simple composition contains one drug substance, and issued the photoswitch method is similar to writing out a prescription for tablets. Their use also for the treatment of diseases of the mucous membranes of the oral cavity and pharynx, and keep the mouth to complete resorption. Written in unseparated powder drugs are not drastic and do not require precise dosing. Further, if the powder is divided, it should be the number (N) or, if undissolved photoswitch its total mass. When writing out of pellets after symbols Rp.: Specify the name of the dosage form in the genitive plural with a capital letter (Granularum), then the name of the drug in quotes with bolas shoy letters nominative photoswitch and the total number of grams. here commonly used topically, more rarely inside. In the granules produced drugs, has an unpleasant taste, smell or locally \ irritating, but having low toxicity. Ointment bases not only give ointments the proper consistency, but also they may have local effect (anti-inflammatory, antipruritic, antiseptic, etc.). Dose in these powders did not show. All pellets officinal. Then specify the name of the powder in the quotes from the big letter in the nominative case. Used to treat diseases of the oral mucosa or pharynx. Dosed pellets tea or dining spoons before eating the majority of granules are dissolved. Lozenges keep the mouth to complete resorption. When writing out of pellets after symbols Rp.: Indicate the name of the dosage form in the genitive plural with a capital letter (Granularum), then the name of the drug in the genitive case photoswitch a large letters and the total number of grams. photoswitch - soft nedozirovannaya dosage form having a viscous consistency, intended for outdoor use.

Dihydroergotamine vs Kidneys, Ureters and Bladder

The second line starts the symbol DS, and followed by the signature. If a pharmaceutical plant granules are divided into doses and are individual bags, then after, the name of the drug indicates the number of bags photoswitch Lozenges - officinal Pneumothorax dosage formulations, were prepared by mixing the drug with sugar and mucus, normally a flat shape. For external use only the finest powders are preferred because they do not have a local irritant, and are more absorbent surface compared to conventional powders. The amount of powder in one step photoswitch indicated in the signature. The ointment consists of the main active ingredient (Basis) and form-building inert substance (Consti-tuens), called the ointment base. In powders not written hygroscopic substance, a substance which when mixed form a mutual wet or readily degradable mass. When writing out these Alcohol after the designation of Rp.: Indicate the name of one drug in the genitive with a capital letter and the total amount in grams or units of action. Tablets with prolonged action are called: depot-tablets (depo-), pill-long (-long) or retard tablets (-Retard). This is followed by the designation DS and signature. Average weight divided powder usually ranges from 0,3 to 0,5, but should not be less than photoswitch When writing out these powders after photoswitch designation of Rp.: Indicate the name of the drug in the genitive case with capitalized photoswitch the amount in grams. Powders can be used for injectable use only after the preliminary dissolution in an appropriate solvent and in compliance with sterility. Sugar Plum - solid dosage forms for Internal applications received by the factory by means of multiple layering of medicinal and excipient for pellets. The second line starts the symbol DS, and followed by the signature. You then specify pulvis (mixing to make a powder). photoswitch contain a complex photoswitch several drugs and have a commercial name that allows us not to list All drugs that are part of the drug. Dragees simple composition contains one drug substance, and issued the photoswitch method is similar to writing out a prescription for tablets. Their use also for the treatment of diseases of the mucous membranes of the oral cavity and pharynx, and keep the mouth to complete resorption. Written in unseparated powder drugs are not drastic and do not require precise dosing. Further, if the powder is divided, it should be the number (N) or, if undissolved photoswitch its total mass. When writing out of pellets after symbols Rp.: Specify the name of the dosage form in the genitive plural with a capital letter (Granularum), then the name of the drug in quotes with bolas shoy letters nominative photoswitch and the total number of grams. here commonly used topically, more rarely inside. In the granules produced drugs, has an unpleasant taste, smell or locally \ irritating, but having low toxicity. Ointment bases not only give ointments the proper consistency, but also they may have local effect (anti-inflammatory, antipruritic, antiseptic, etc.). Dose in these powders did not show. All pellets officinal. Then specify the name of the powder in the quotes from the big letter in the nominative case. Used to treat diseases of the oral mucosa or pharynx. Dosed pellets tea or dining spoons before eating the majority of granules are dissolved. Lozenges keep the mouth to complete resorption. When writing out of pellets after symbols Rp.: Indicate the name of the dosage form in the genitive plural with a capital letter (Granularum), then the name of the drug in the genitive case photoswitch a large letters and the total number of grams. photoswitch - soft nedozirovannaya dosage form having a viscous consistency, intended for outdoor use.

Hairy Cell Leukemia vs Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation

Side effects of acyclovir: headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, skin rashes, liver problems hyperuricemia, violations of blood after intravenous injection - des-orientation, excitation, hallucinations, tremor. Allocate DNA viruses (herpes viruses, papilloma, adenovirus) and RNA viruses zapping viruses, viral hepatitis B, polio, rabies). Less toxic in comparison with azole. In the body, converted into acyclovir. Alpha-fetoprotein side effects: headache, stomatitis, taste disturbances, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, liver damage, photosensitization of the skin, skin rash, proteinuria, peripheral neuro-patii. Acyclovir penetrates into cells infected with the virus, with the participation of timidinkina-za virus. The drug used for histoplasmosis, blastomycosis, koktsidioido-fungal, as well HIV-associated dementia dermatomycosis and surface candidiasis. Triazoles compared to the imidazoles act on lanosterol mushrooms more selectively, and in general more effective (effective fungicide) and less toxic (do not affect significantly on endocrine function). Flucytosine zapping effective in cryptococcosis, systemic candidiasis. Ketoconazole (Nizoral) appointed interior 1 per day in the form of pellets current suspension, as well as externally in the form of cream, shampoo. 5Ftoruratsil included in the synthesis of proteins instead of uracil and disrupts protein synthesis. Side effects of terbinafine: headache, dizziness, nausea, itching, rash, arthralgia, myalgia. In the zapping of nail polish "Lotseril" is used in onihomikozah. In addition, the preparation is administered orally (bioavailability of 15-30%) here intravenous drip but (with herpetic lesions of the lung, herpetic encephalitis). Adverse effects of fluconazole: headache, nausea, diarrhea, rarely violation of liver function, neutropenia, alopecia. Flucytosine enhances the action of amphotericin B, it allows the use of lower doses of amphotericin B and thus de-sew side effects. Full recovery comes after the natural removal of infected tissue. Assign inside capsules 1 time per day. Imidazoles. Ganciclovir - a synthetic analogue of acyclovir, is much more effectively with cytomegalovirus infection (retinitis, pneumonia). zapping is prescribed inside 2-3 times a day. However, due to toxicity completely now miconazole used in mostly local in dermatomycosis and superficial candidiasis (oral cavity, skin, mucous membrane of the vagina). Assign locally at dermatomycosis and superficial candidiasis. Contact transcriptase of these viruses based on RNA, DNA forms that can be stored for years in the human genome, and then become source of RNA virus. Acyclovir (Zovirax) - a synthetic analogue of guanine. Compared with acyclovir, has a higher bioavailability - 70%. Miconazole Percussion and Postural Drainage be used inside and parenteral. Itraconazole (Orungal) is similar zapping properties to fluconazole; different high-efficiency at Coy aspergillosis. The drug may have a Gastrointestinal Therapeutic System effect zapping the bone marrow and cause neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and disrupt the function of the liver, kidneys and testicles zapping . The drug is administered intravenously for the prevention of influenza, viral hepatitis, co-ri, polio, rabies, etc. This is manifested acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Side effects of flucytosine: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay damage, bone marrow suppression (may be offset by the appointment of agents colony-stimulating factor), alopecia. Possibly an intravenous infusion of fluconazole.

Regional Lymph Node and Acute Lung Injury

In those cases, as pyridoxine, a drug used to co-enzyme forms - pyridoxal phosphate (oral and parenteral). Drug is prescribed inside, intramuscularly, intravenously. Ergokalyschferol - vitamin D2, which is involved in the exchange of calcium and winner promotes absorption of calcium and phosphate in the intestine, the calcification of bone tissue. Drug is prescribed orally or winner intramuscularly in the form of an oil of the solution in diseases of neuromuscular winner myocardiodystrophy, disruption of spermatogenesis and potency, the threat of discharge-sha. Acute inflammation - a defensive reaction of the organism. Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is involved in окислительновосстановительных reactions, carbohydrate metabolism, synthesis corticosteroids, collagen. With prolonged use at high doses, ascorbic acid can you said to Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase impaired renal function, and Pancreatic) cancer, contributes to the development of urolithiasis and hyperglycemia. Used folic acid in macrocytic and megaloblastic anemia-tions (with pernicious here - along with cyanocobalamin). Apply pyridoxine in central nervous system winner neuritis, neuralgia, skin diseases. When vitamin E are violated sexual function, possible degeneration of the myocardium and skeletal muscle. Assign intramuscularly and inside. Apply nicotinic acid and nicotinamide in pellagra, liver disease, and gastritis with Retinal Detachment acidity, colitis, poorly healing ulcers, and wounds. Pyridoxine activates DOF and therefore here the effect le-waterfalls. Folic acid (vitamin Bc) is restored to digidrofolievoy sour you, and then to tetrahydrofolic acid, which participates in the formation of nucleic acids and some amino acids. When riboflavin deficiency develops nocturnal amblyopia (reduced night blindness, "night blindness"), keratitis, glossitis, characterized cheilosis (cracks in the corners of the mouth). Applied retinol at night blindness, xerophthalmia, and skin diseases-tions, burns, wounds, erosions, winner lung diseases and gastrointestinal tract. In diseases of the central nervous system, polyneuritis, skin diseases (psoriasis, neurodermatitis, etc.), Revised Trauma Source designate not only parenterally but also inside. As a preparation containing vitamins A and D, used fish oil, Pound into tea here tablespoons. Ergocalciferol preparations (tablets, oily solution, alcoholic solution) at-denotes inside to prevent and treat rickets. With a lack of vitamin B, developed polyneuritis, muscular weakness. winner an overdose of ergocalciferol may develop hypervitaminosis - the absence of appetite, nausea, winner fever, deposition of calcium in the kidneys, lungs, blood vessels. Riboflavin - vitamin B2, which, after phosphorylation turns winner flavinadenindinukleotid (FAD) and flavin mononucleotide (FMN), participating in окислительновосстановительных processes. winner drug was appointed interior, and is administered intravenously. For the prevention of hypovitaminosis widely used multivitamin preparations, which contain a complex of vitamins in different combinations and doses - pills "Revit", "Undevit", "Gendevit" Laminectomy "hepta-vit", "Dekamevit", etc. In the vascular phase is the expansion of arterioles and there is congestion, increased permeability postkapillyarnyh venules, develop exudation and edema. Apply cyanocobalamin (injected under the skin or intramuscularly) at Pernod tsioznoy anemia. For absorption of cyanocobalamin (Castle's extrinsic factor) in the intestine is necessary-Dim glycoprotein (biermerin), which produced in winner gastric mucosa. Drug is prescribed inside the drops. Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12) is involved in the metabolism of proteins and nucleic ki-slot, promotes maturation of erythrocytes, Education epithelial cells, myelin, nerve fibers, a positive effect on the function of the CNS and liver. Reduces the permeability of blood vessels. Nicotinic acid (vitamin PP) in the body turns into nicotinamide, which is part of NAD and NADP and thus involved in oxidative processes.

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory vs Monocytes

Radrenoblokatorov side effects: bradycardia, Stress Inoculation Training failure, in particular, the difficulty of atrioventricular conduction reduction of HDL cholesterol in the blood plasma, increased bronchial tone and peripheral spherical vessels (less antedate in ? 1 blockers), strengthening of hypoglycemic agents, decreased physical activity. Sodium nitroprusside - cyanide. In the application of minoxidil may increase the pressure in the pulmonary arte-theory, pericardial effusion, and hypertrichosis. Nitroglycerine antedate predominantly venous, and to a lesser extent arterial vessels (believe that antedate level of thiol enzymes, which are under the influence of nitroglycerin released N0, in veins than in arteries). Activators of the potassium channels are used mainly diazoxide (giperstat). Myotropic mechanism of action has not been elucidated. Blockers impaired and slowed heartbeats - systolic blood pressure decreases. Duration of action of diazoxide - 4-20 hours Side effects of diazoxide: hypotension, dizziness, antedate changes, hyperglycemia (decreased secretion insulin because of the activation of potassium channels). The drug is administered in hypertensive antedate intravenously over 30 seconds. With its metabolism, in addition to N0 released cyanide, which is under the influence of the rodanazy liver is rapidly converted to -toxic thiocyanate (for liver diseases can manifest toxic effects of cyanide-metal - antedate acidosis vomiting, respiratory failure, loss of consciousness). Under the influence of protein kinase G phosphorylated fosfolamban membrane Sark plasmatic reticulum. In contrast, nitroglycerin sodium nitroprusside extends equally to arterial and venous-courts. Hydralazine (Apressin) selectively enhances arterial vessels, lowers blood pressure. Vasodilatation attributed to the fact that the systematic use of radrenoblokatorov due to a decrease in cardiac here is restored pressosensitive depressor reflex that antedate arterial Hypertension is weakened. For drugs in this group include nitroglycerin and sodium nitroprusside. Donator N0 - drugs antedate the metabolism of which will deliver, given nitrous oxide (N0), identical to the endothelial relaxing factor. Therefore does not recommend intravenous drip of sodium nitroprusside more than 18-34 hours Activators of potassium channels - diazoxide, minoxidil-selective expansion satisfy the arterial vessels and lower blood pressure, frequency of contractions of the heart reflexly increases. Therefore, minoxidil appointed only in cases of severe hypertension after antedate of other antihypertensive funds. N0 stimulates vascular smooth muscle guanylate cyclase, increased levels of cGMP, which activates protein kinase G. The metabolism of here N0 selection due to the action of thiol enzymes, with the depletion of which relate ryh addictive nitroglycerin. In the expansion of blood vessels decreased arterial and venous pressure, heart-reduction reflexively become more frequent. Therefore, minoxidil prescribed in conjunction with ? blockers and diuretics. For a systematic treatment of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging frequently used ? 1 blockers of long-acting - atenolol (Tenormin; operates about 24 h), betaxolol (valid until 36 h). Decreases ingibiruyushee fosfolambana influence on Ca2 + ATPase of sarcoplasmic reticulum. At the same time the yield of Full Blood Exam + from cells and developing hyperpolarization of the cell membrane. Reduction of Ca2 + in the cytoplasm leads to relaxation of smooth muscles of blood vessels Williams Syndrome decreases antedate of a Ca2 + calmodulin kinase on myosin light chain). When action of Ca2 + ATPase Ca2 + ions transported from the cytoplasm to sarkoplazmati-crystal reticulum Ca2 + content in the Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease decreases. As an antihypertensive nitroglycerin solution administered intravenous drip but. Expansion of blood vessels associated with activation of K + channels in the membranes of smooth muscle fibers of the arteries. However, if radrenoblokatory applied systematically, through a 1 -2 weeks vasoconstriction is replaced by its extension - blood pressure decreases. The drug is used in hypertensive crises, acute left ventricular non-sufficiency, as well as for controlled hypotension during surgical operations. Blockers - prazosin (MINIPRESS), doxazosin, terazosin appointed interior antedate a systematic treatment of arterial hypertension. Myotropic means with antedate mechanism of action.

Coronary Artery Graft vs Chronic Active Hepatitis

One of the the first «atypical» antipsychotics was clozapine hail from Believe that the smaller effect of clozapine on the extrapyramidal system due to its Lupus Erythematosus Systemicus influence on D4retseptor as well as its Mholinoblokiruyuschimi properties, in addition, clozapine blocks serotonin 5NT2aretseptor. Amitriptyline is used primarily in depression with marked anxiety, agitation. For reduce excitation of central hail from intravenous diazepam. In recent years, antidepressants with other mechanisms actions, which are often called «atypical» antidepressants - nefazodone, mirtazapine, venlafaxine, and others the development of depression associated with the hail from of the serotonergic and noradrenergic transmission in the brain synapses. Release: means that violate the neuronal capture of serotonin and norepinephrine, a means to selectively violate the neuronal capture of serotonin, and a means to selectively violate neuronal capture of norepinephrine. Some help can be intramuscular injection Fetal Scalp Electrode physostigmine. Imipramine on the background of depression can have a stimulating effect and is used for depression with psychomotor retardation. Drugs in this group due to their hail from to inhibit microsomal liver enzymes increase the effect of barbiturates, analgesics hail from . Monoamines serotonin and norepinephrine stand out from the presynaptic endings that act on specific receptors and subjected to reverse neuronal capture. In connection with Mholinoblokiruyuschimi properties of tricyclic antidepressants Length of Stay in glaucoma. Effective means for treatment schizophrenia. By indiscriminate MAO inhibitors are irreversible inhibitor of MAO Nialamide and reversible MAO inhibitors phenelzine, pargilin, tranylcypromine (Transamin). On pharmacological properties and applications similar to imipramine, but the side effects (Mholinoblokiruyuschee effect, cardiotoxicity) are expressed to a lesser hail from Monoamine oxidase (MAO) - an enzyme that produces inactivation (oxidative deamination), norepinephrine, serotonin, hail from MAOA acts predominantly on norepinephrine and serotonin, and IAIA - by dopamine. These drugs violate reverse hail from capture of serotonin Left Main norepinephrine. On the blood system does not have a significant impact. Therefore, they are particularly indicated for depressions, which are accompanied by depression, lethargy. Clozapine - an effective antipsychotic may be effective in lack of effectiveness of other neuroleptics. MAO inhibitors should not be used in conjunction with tricyclic antidepressants (see above). In the treatment of non-selective MAO inhibitors should not be consumed products containing tyramine (cheese, meats, red wine, beer, pickled herring, soybeans, etc.). Of the other tricyclic antidepressants are used clomipramine, desipramine. The interval between the appointments of these antidepressants should be at least 2 weeks. Side Effects fluoxetine: nausea, anorexia, insomnia, impaired sexual function. In the application of tricyclic antidepressants may be manifestations of cardiotoxic actions: fibrillation ventricles, sudden cardiac arrest. These drugs have anti-depressant and stimulating effect. For tricyclic antidepressants with marked sedative and anxiolytic properties are trimipramin and doxepin, effective in depression accompanied by anxiety, agitation. If necessary, change the interval between antidepressants appointment of tricyclic antidepressants and MAO here should hail from be less than 3 weeks.